The Charles River flows along the north and west parts of Newton, and Route 128 passes through the west part of the city. It is also bordered by Waltham and Watertown on the north, Needham and the West Roxbury neighborhood of Boston on the south, Wellesley and Weston on the west, and Brookline and the Brighton neighborhood of Boston on the east. Newton is a suburban city approximately 7 mi (11 km) from downtown Boston, in Middlesex County, Massachusetts. Residents and visitors line the race route along Washington Street and Commonwealth Avenue to cheer the runners. There are two more hills before reaching Centre Street, and then the fourth and most noted, Heartbreak Hill, rises shortly after Centre Street. It then turns right onto Route 30 (Commonwealth Avenue) for the long haul into Boston. Įach April on Patriots' Day, the Boston Marathon is run through the city, entering from Wellesley on Route 16 (Washington Street) where runners encounter the first of the four infamous Newton Hills. The hijackers of American Airlines Flight 11 spent their last night in Newton's Park Inn, an economy motel across the street from the Chestnut Hill Mall and within walking distance of The Atrium. Two of the 9/11 hijackers stayed in Newton the night before the attack. Even then, however, Oak Hill continued to be farmed, mostly market gardening, until the prosperity of the 1950s made all of Newton more densely settled. The next wave came in the 1920s when automobiles became affordable to a growing upper middle class. One wave began with the streetcar lines that made many parts of Newton accessible for commuters in the late nineteenth century. Muir points out that these early commuters needed sufficient wealth to employ a groom and keep horses, to drive them from their hilltop homes to the station.įurther suburbanization came in waves. Wealthy Bostonian businessmen took advantage of the new commuting opportunity offered by the railroad, building gracious homes on erstwhile farmland of West Newton hill and on Commonwealth street. The Boston and Worcester, one of America's earliest railroads, reached West Newton in 1834. Newton, according to Muir, became one of America's earliest commuter suburbs. Snuff, chocolate, glue, paper and other products were produced in these small mills but, according to Muir, the water power available in Newton was not sufficient to turn Newton into a manufacturing city, although it was, beginning in 1902, the home of the Stanley Motor Carriage Company, the maker of the Stanley Steamer.
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In Reflections in Bullough's Pond, Newton historian Diana Muir describes the early industries that developed in the late 18th and early 19th centuries in a series of mills built to take advantage of the water power available at Newton Upper Falls and Newton Lower Falls. Newton was incorporated as a separate town, known as Cambridge Village, on December 15, 1681, then renamed Newtown in 1691, and finally Newton in 1766. Roxbury minister John Eliot persuaded the Native American people of Nonantum, a sub-tribe of the Massachusett led by a sachem named Waban, to relocate to Natick in 1651, fearing that they would be exploited by colonists. Newton was settled in 1630 as part of "the newe towne", which was renamed Cambridge in 1638. census, the population of Newton was 88,923. Newton comprises a patchwork of thirteen villages without a city center. It is approximately 7 miles (11 km) west of downtown Boston. Newton is a city in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United States. Emily Lavan, Heartbreak Hill, 2005 Boston Marathon
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